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[1] Robin Buchmeier and Sally Stapleton, 150th Anniversary Commemorative, Erin Township, Washington County, Wisconsin (Erin, WI: Erin Anniversary Committee, 1996), 12; “Home,” Holy Hill website, accessed November 20, 2015; “Holy Hill, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form,” National Park Service, accessed November 19, 2015; “Wisconsin High Points,” Wisconsin State Cartographer’s Office, accessed November 20, 2015. Holy Hill is formally

[1] Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, A Comprehensive Plan for the Town of Farmington: 2035 (Waukesha, WI: Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Committee, 2010), 18, last accessed August 5, 2017.

[2] Western Historical Company, History of Washington and Ozaukee Counties, Wisconsin (Chicago, IL: Western Historical Company, 1881), 428.

[3] Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, A Comprehensive

[1] Bayrd Still, Milwaukee: History of a City (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1948) 44-46; Wisconsin Marine Historical Society, Maritime Milwaukee (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2011).

[2] Maritime Milwaukee, 7-27; History, General Mitchell International Airport website, last accessed June 2, 2017.

[3] Still, Milwaukee, 51. The first of the

[1] History of Trinity Evangelical Lutheran Church (Milwaukee: The Church, 1972), [1-2].

[2] Trinity is the second-oldest Missouri Synod congregation in the region, behind the Trinity Freistadt Lutheran Church in Mequon. “The History of Trinity Lutheran Church—Milwaukee,” Trinity Lutheran Church, accessed November 21, 2016.

[3] History of Trinity Evangelical Lutheran

[1] Alice Ann Conner, “Ukrainians End Easter with a Kiss,” The Milwaukee Journal, April 6, 1977.

[2] Myron B. Kuropas, The Ukrainian Americans: Roots and Aspirations, 1884-1954 (Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1991), 397-406.

[3] U.S. Bureau of the Census, Ancestry, First Response—Ukrainian, 1980-2010, tabulated at http://

[1] First Unitarian Society of Milwaukee (Milwaukee, WI), The First Unitarian Society of Milwaukee: Centenary (Milwaukee, WI: The First Unitarian Society of Milwaukee, 1942); First Unitarian Society of Milwaukee (Milwaukee, WI), Historical Sketch of the First Unitarian Church of Milwaukee (Milwaukee: King, Fowle & Co., 1892).

[2] First Unitarian Society, Historical

[1] Both of these earliest Milwaukee area congregations continue into the twenty-first century as First Congregational United Church of Christ, Waukesha, and St. Paul’s United Church of Christ, Colgate. See “Short Course in the History of the United Church of Christ,” United Church of Christ website, last accessed August 14, 2017 for more on the history

[1] United Migrant Opportunity Services, Inc. Helping People Help Themselves: Celebrating 20 Years of Service, 20th Anniversary Album. Milwaukee: United Migrant Opportunities Services, [1985?].

[2] United Migrant Opportunity Services, Inc. Helping People Help Themselves.

[3] Marc Simon Rodriguez, The Tejano Diaspora: Mexican Americanism and Ethnic Politics in Texas and Wisconsin

[3] Aaron Shapiro, “Up North on Vacation: Tourism and Resorts in Wisconsin’s North Woods, 1900-1945,”Wisconsin History Magazine 89, no. 4 (Summer 2006): 2-13, last

[1] “Mission Statement,” Urban Ecology Center, accessed January 8, 2015.

[2] “History,” Urban Ecology Center, accessed January 8, 2015.

[3] Peggy Schulz, “Rise of the Urban Ecology Center,” Urban Milwaukee, January 9, 2013, accessed January 23, 2015.

[4] Schulz, “Rise of the Urban Ecology Center.”

[5] Schulz, “Rise of the Urban Ecology Center.”

[6] “

[1] Milwaukee Historic Preservation Committee, Permanent Historic Designation Study Report: First National Bank/First Wisconsin National Bank Building, 733-743 N. Water Street (Milwaukee: City of Milwaukee, June 2007), accessed December 9, 2013.

[2] “Unreal Scene Now Means First Wisconsin Center Later,” The Milwaukee Sentinel, August 28, 1971, accessed February 12, 2014, http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1368&

[1] “Timeline of Historical Milestones.” Wisconsin Center District, About Us, History, http://wcd.org/media/mediafile_attachments/02/92-facilitiestimeline.pdf, last accessed November 11, 2012.

[2] “People,” Time, October 17, 1977.

[3] “WCD Facilities Have a 100-Year History of Events.” Wisconsin Center District, About Us, History, last accessed June 8, 2016.

[4] “U.S. Cellular Arena.” Milwaukee

[1] Interview with Vel Phillips, Milwaukee, March 1, 2003. Also an alumna of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM), after graduating from college in 1946, Phillips was a YMCA field worker and took coursework at a UWM predecessor institution, Milwaukee State Teachers College, prior to going to law school in 1947.

[2] Jessie Opoien, “Civil Rights Leader Vel Phillips

[1] “History,” Milwaukee County War Memorial Center Website, last accessed May 15, 2017.

[2] Milwaukee Journal, May 30, 1959. Lisa Sink, “Descendants, City Honor Revolutionary War Veteran Buried in Brookfield,” Brookfield Patch, May 29, 2012, last accessed May 15, 2017.

[3] Milwaukee Sentinel, September 17, 1934, last accessed May 15, 2017.

[4] “Fourth Annual Reunion” of National

[1] This entry draws largely on Michael E. Stevens, ed., The Family Letters of Victor and Meta Berger, 1894-1929 (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin Press, 1995); Edward J. Muzik, “Victor L. Berger, A Biography” (Ph.D. diss., Northwestern University, 1960); and Sally M. Miller, Victor Berger and the Promise of Constructive

[1] Nghia M. Vo, The Vietnamese Boat People, 1954 and 1975-1992 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 2005), 664-100.

[2] N. Mark Shelley, “Building Community from ‘Scratch’: Forces at Work among Urban Vietnamese Refugees in Milwaukee,” Sociological Inquiry 71 (Fall 2001): 474.

[3] Nealon Mark Shelley, “The Invisible Vietnamese: Ethnic Community and Assimilation in Milwaukee,” (