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[1] Genevieve G. McBride and Stephen R. Byers, “On the Front Page in the Jazz Age: Journalist Ione Quinby, Chicago’s Ageless ‘Girl Reporter,’” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 106, no. 1 (Spring 2013): 91-128.  For her recollections of her reportorial years in Chicago and the city’s “bohemian writers’ circles,” see also Ione

[1] Robert W. Wells, This Is Milwaukee (Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1970), 122; Martin Hintz, Irish Milwaukee (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2003), 21; Kathleen Neils Conzen, Immigrant Milwaukee, 1836-1860: Accommodation and Community in a Frontier City (Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press, 1976), 205.

[2] For context, see Kerby A. Miller, Emigrants

[1] Martin Hintz, Celebrate the Legend: 25 Years of Milwaukee’s Irish Fest, 1981-2005 (Milwaukee: Milwaukee Irish Fest, 2005).

[2] Ibid., 9.

[3] “History of Irish Fest,” http://irishfest.com/About-Us/History-of-Irish-Fest.htm, accessed November 28, 2011.

[4] Ibid.

[1] Robert L. Dishon, “Friedrick’s Career: Labor Lamplighter,” Milwaukee Sentinel, May 14, 1965, part 1, p. 6; Avi Lank, “Labor Convention on, Friedrick Back Again,” Milwaukee Sentinel, October 13, 1976, part 2, p. 6; Who’s Who in America 1964-1965, vol. 33 (Chicago, IL: Marquis, 1964), 695.

[2] Dishon, “Friedrick’s Career”; “Ex-Labor Figure Still out

[1] Joseph P. Donnelly, Jacques Marquette, S. J., 1637-1675 (Chicago, IL: Loyola University Press, 1968), 15-16, 19, 48, 65.

[2] Donnelly, Jacques Marquette, 209; John Gurda, The Making of Milwaukee (Milwaukee: Milwaukee County Historical Society, 1999), 6.

[1] Steven M. Avella, Confidence and Crisis (Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 2014), chapter five; Patrick D. Jones, The Selma of the North (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), 93-95.

[2] Avella, Confidence and Crisis, 115-121; Jones, Selma of the North, 95-99.

[3] Avella, Confidence and Crisis

[2] Lois Blinkhorn, “Harry Bradley: ‘People Person,’” The Milwaukee Journal, September 25, 1988, 18; “Jane Bradley Wed Here to David Vogel Uihlein,” The Milwaukee Journal, January 12, 1945, 6; Mary Van De Kamp, “Jane’s Gift,” <

[1] “A Milwaukee Student for Three Years, Asawa Is Remembered Worldwide,” UWM Alumni Magazine, 15, no. 2 (Fall 2013), http://www4.uwm.edu/news/html/Alumni/UWMAlumniMagazineFall13.pdf, now available at http://uwm.edu/news/publications-archive/, last accessed July 31, 2017; Internment, Ruth Asawa website, last accessed June 8, 2017

[2] U.S. Bureau of the Census, Birthplace-Japan, 1850

[1] The Watchtower Society counts as active members only “publishers,” that is, those involved in preaching to others during a given month. 2016 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses (Wallkill, NY: Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 2016), accessed October 19, 2016, pdf version, “2015 Service Year Report of Jehovah’s Witnesses.”

[2] “Adults in

[1] Kathie Bernstein, unpublished history of the Jewish Museum Milwaukee, 2010.

[2] Conversation with Ellie Gettinger, education director of the Jewish Museum Milwaukee, May 1, 2015.

[1] Stephen Percy, The Jewish Community Study of Greater Milwaukee 2011 (Milwaukee: Milwaukee Jewish Federation, 2011, revised 2015), last accessed May 14, 2017.

[2] Matt Hrodey, “The New Faith,” Milwaukee Magazine (August 2013): 48, http://www.milwaukeemag.com/article/412013-TheNewFaith, accessed August 2015.

[3] Louis Jacobs, “Judaism,” Encyclopaedia Judaica, ed. Michael Berenbaum and Fred Skolnik. 2

[1] Isaac Don Levine, Mitchell: Pioneer of Air Power (New York, NY: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1943, 1958), 11-13; Frederick I. Olson, “City Expansion and Suburban Spread: Settlements and Governments in Milwaukee County” in Ralph M. Aderman, ed. Trading Post to Metropolis: Milwaukee County’s First 150 Years (Milwaukee: Milwaukee County Historical Society, 1987), 27.

[1] Enterprise Corporate Fact Sheet, Johnson Controls, February 2016, accessed March 15, 2016.

[2] Barbara Zaferos, “Largest Wisconsin-Based Public Companies,” Milwaukee Business Journal, June 26, 2015.

[3] Enterprise Corporate Fact Sheet, Johnson Controls.

[4] “Johnson Controls and Tyco to Merge,” PRNewswire, January 25, 2016.

[5] “Johnson Controls and Tyco to Merge.”

[6] Johnson

[1] Judith W. Leavitt, The Healthiest City: Milwaukee and the Politics of Health Reform (Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996), 69; Steven M. Avella, “Health, Hospitals, and Welfare: Human Services in Milwaukee County,” in Trading Post to Metropolis: Milwaukee Country’s First 150 Years, ed. Ralph M. Aderman (Oconomowoc, WI: C.W. Brown

[1] Ruth Kriehn, The Fisherfolk of Jones Island (Milwaukee: Milwaukee County Historical Society, 1988), 1-2; John Gurda, The Making of Milwaukee (Milwaukee: Milwaukee County Historical Society, 1999), 6, 8.

[2] Gurda, Making of Milwaukee, 77-78; Kriehn, The Fisherfolk of Jones Island, 5-6.

[3] Gurda, Making of Milwaukee, 78.

[1] Arthur Herman, Joseph McCarthy: Reexamining the Life and Legacy of America’s Most Hated Senator (New York, NY: The Free Press, 2000), 24.

[2] Richard Halworth Rovere, Senator Joe McCarthy (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1996), 84.

[3] Herman, Joseph McCarthy, 33; John Buenker, “Cream City Electoral

[1] Dates are from the family grave marker in Calvary Cemetery, Milwaukee. However, sources state her birth year as, variously, from 1800 to 1804.

[2] Milwaukee’s “origin story” of its first permanent resident, a century ago, was based upon criteria that could only result in a “founding father,” a male, not of Native heritage. It

[1] H. Robert Baker, The Rescue of Joshua Glover (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2006), 1-3, 5-10, 17-23; Michael J. McManus, Political Abolitionism in Wisconsin (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1998), 87-88; Ruby West Jackson and Walter T. McDonald, “Finding Freedom,” Wisconsin Magazine of History 90 no. 33 (Spring 2007): 49-52.

[2]

[1] “Annual Reports, 1939-1947,” Box 3, Folder 5, Junior League of Milwaukee Records, 1916-2002, UWM Manuscript Collection 306, Archives Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries; “Mrs. Chester Dies; Was Civic Leader,” The Milwaukee Sentinel, July 13, 1972, part 1, p. 3.

[2] “Annual Reports, 1916-1930,” Box 3, Folder 2, Junior League of Milwaukee Records, 1916-2002, UWM Manuscript Collection 306, Archives Department, University of